On the 16th of June every year, the African Union and its Partners celebrate the Day of the African Child (DAC), in commemoration of the 1976 protests by school children in Soweto, South Africa where students protested against an education designed to further the purposes of the apartheid regime. The brutal response of the apartheid security agencies to the unarmed students’ protests resulted in the death of a number of them. This protests contributed greatly to the eventual collapse of the apartheid regime. In 1991, the African Union Assembly passed a resolution designating 16 June as a Day for the celebration of the African child.
Celebrated this year under the theme: “A child friendly, quality education, free and compulsory for all children in Africa”, this event serves as an occasion to evaluate the distance covered so far by Africa in general, and Cameroon in particular in the domain of promotion and protection of the rights of children especially their right to education in line with all existing instruments.Following the important place occupied by the child in every society, on the 20th of November 1989, the UN General Assembly adopted the convention on the rights of the child which entered into force on 2nd September 1990 thereby providing the international community with a legal instrument that was binding on state parties. On the 30th of September 1990, led by 71 heads of states and governments, the world summit for children convened at New York and adopted a series of goals for the year 2000 to improve the wellbeing of children and women. Two years later; in November 1992, African leaders reaffirmed this goals at the international conference on assistance to the African child in Dakar; Senegal and committed their countries to achieving the mid-decade goals as a necessary step to attaining the world summit goals. By February 1994, 23 countries in the West and Central African region had ratified the convention including Cameroon.
Clearly therefore, these governments committed themselves to an ambitious agenda for children thus, these series of events served as a motivating factor for Cameroon to ratify the convention on January 11th 1993.